Concavalin A

Concanavalin A Hepatitis plant lectin

Concanavalin A (Con A) is a plant lectin that is purified from jack beans. Con A binds to the mannose residues of varied glycoproteins and prompts lymphocytes. When Con A is run to mice, liver injury that can depend upon the activation of T lymphocytes by macrophages occurs (Tiegs et al., 1992). As a result of this reality, the model could allow the study of the pathophysiology of immunologically mediated hepatic points, resembling AIH. TNF-α and IFN-γ play important roles in Con A–induced liver injury (Gantner et al., 1995; Kusters et al., 1996) and IL-10 prevents liver injury on this model (Di Marco et al., 1999; Louis et al., 1997). Blood ranges of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ dramatically improve after administration of Con A (Wang et al., 2012). Essential drawbacks of this model embrace the dearth of circulating autoantibodies and quick hepatocyte damage following a single-dose Con A injection, which is not a typical attribute of persistent AIH.

 

Lectins as modulators of autophagy in most cancers immunotherapy

Concanavalin A prompts T cells and pure killer cells and triggers anticancer immune responses

Since ConA is a well-known T cell mitogen it would moreover set off anticancer immune responses by activating tumor specific CTLs. Actually, remedy of hepatoma-bearing mice (ML-14a cells) with ConA (7.5 mg/kg) strongly diminished liver tumor formation and prolonged survival, whereby 40% of the animals had been tumor free on the end of the experiment [8]. Lymphocytic infiltrates spherical tumor nodules had been seen in ConA-treated animals, suggesting T cell mediated responses. Actually, the depletion of CD8+ T cells completely abrogated the therapeutic outcomes of ConA, whereas the depletion of CD4+ T cells solely partly prevented ConA-mediated inhibition of tumor formation (Fig. 4A). In line with this study, ConA triggered CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation in mice as confirmed by the upregulated expression of CD69 [74].

In addition to, ConA-treated mice contained elevated numbers of activated pure killer (NK) cells, T cells, and NK T cells, which confirmed sturdy cytotoxic train in opposition to murine lymphoma cells in ex vivo assays. That’s moreover translated proper right into a strongly diminished number of liver nodules upon ConA remedy of colon cancer-bearing mice (colon-26), an affect that was abrogated upon NK cell depletion (Fig. 4A). Of observe, NK cells in immunodeficient nude mice (lacking NKT and T cells) weren’t activated upon ConA remedy, suggesting a job of the adaptive immune system in activating NK cells [74].

Concavalin A
Concavalin A

Furthermore, all outcomes had been abrogated in IFNγ knock-out mice, displaying the importance of an full of life immune response. Nonetheless, the remedy with ConA of hepatoma-bearing SCID mice moreover significantly inhibited liver tumor formation, nevertheless solely on the best dose of 20 mg/kg [8]. As SCID mice lack purposeful lymphocytes, these info counsel a direct cytotoxic affect of ConA in the direction of the most cancers cells. Actually, ConA induced direct autophagy-dependent cell demise in these mice (see above paragraph about ConA and most cancers cell demise). Thus, ConA prompts CD8+ CTLs and NK cells that in the reduction of in vivo tumor progress and potentiate ex vivo tumor cell lysis (Fig. 4A).

 

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1)

RPU53502-1mg 1mg
EUR 2457

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1)

RPU53502-50ug 50ug
EUR 445.5

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1)

RPU53816-100ug 100ug
EUR 564.3

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1)

RPU53816-1mg 1mg
EUR 2501.2

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1)

RPU53816-50ug 50ug
EUR 453.2

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1)

RPU58652-100ug 100ug
EUR 604.8

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1)

RPU58652-1mg 1mg
EUR 2808

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1)

RPU58652-50ug 50ug
EUR 470.3

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 6 (PDCD6)

4-RPL096Hu01
  • EUR 593.09
  • EUR 282.00
  • EUR 1894.08
  • EUR 711.36
  • EUR 1302.72
  • EUR 472.80
  • EUR 4555.20
  • 100 ug
  • 10ug
  • 1 mg
  • 200 ug
  • 500 ug
  • 50ug
  • 5 mg
Description: Recombinant Human Programmed Cell Death Protein 6 expressed in: E.coli

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 5 (PDCD5)

4-RPL105Hu01
  • EUR 580.19
  • EUR 278.40
  • EUR 1845.70
  • EUR 695.23
  • EUR 1270.46
  • EUR 463.20
  • EUR 4434.24
  • 100 ug
  • 10ug
  • 1 mg
  • 200 ug
  • 500 ug
  • 50ug
  • 5 mg
Description: Recombinant Human Programmed Cell Death Protein 5 expressed in: E.coli

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PDCD1)

4-RPA751Hu01
  • EUR 612.44
  • EUR 286.80
  • EUR 1966.66
  • EUR 735.55
  • EUR 1351.10
  • EUR 484.80
  • EUR 4736.64
  • 100 ug
  • 10ug
  • 1 mg
  • 200 ug
  • 500 ug
  • 50ug
  • 5 mg
Description: Recombinant Human Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 expressed in: E.coli

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PDCD1)

4-RPA751Ra01
  • EUR 603.84
  • EUR 285.60
  • EUR 1934.40
  • EUR 724.80
  • EUR 1329.60
  • EUR 480.00
  • EUR 4656.00
  • 100 ug
  • 10ug
  • 1 mg
  • 200 ug
  • 500 ug
  • 50ug
  • 5 mg
Description: Recombinant Rat Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 expressed in: E.coli

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 6 (PDCD6)

RPU53272-100ug 100ug
EUR 542.3

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 6 (PDCD6)

RPU53272-1mg 1mg
EUR 2402.4

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 6 (PDCD6)

RPU53272-50ug 50ug
EUR 435.6

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 5 (PDCD5)

RPU52490-100ug 100ug
EUR 528

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 5 (PDCD5)

RPU52490-1mg 1mg
EUR 2337.4

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 5 (PDCD5)

RPU52490-50ug 50ug
EUR 423.5

Recombinant Human Programmed cell death protein 5 (PDCD5)

RPC21797-100ug 100ug
EUR 460.9

Recombinant Human Programmed cell death protein 5 (PDCD5)

RPC21797-1mg 1mg
EUR 2237.8

Recombinant Human Programmed cell death protein 5 (PDCD5)

RPC21797-20ug 20ug
EUR 258.7

Recombinant Human Programmed cell death protein 2 (PDCD2)

RPC28416-100ug 100ug
EUR 635.8

Recombinant Human Programmed cell death protein 2 (PDCD2)

RPC28416-1mg 1mg
EUR 2885.2

Recombinant Human Programmed cell death protein 2 (PDCD2)

RPC28416-20ug 20ug
EUR 353.4

PDCD5 Programmed Cell Death-5 Human Recombinant Protein

PROTO14737 Regular: 20ug
EUR 380.4
Description: PDCD5 Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 125 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 14 kDa.

Recombinant Human Programmed cell death protein 10 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-1mg

QP8043-ec-1mg 1mg
EUR 1958.4

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Ligand 1 (PDL1)

RPU43426-100ug 100ug
EUR 554.4

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Ligand 1 (PDL1)

RPU43426-1mg 1mg
EUR 2457

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Ligand 1 (PDL1)

RPU43426-50ug 50ug
EUR 445.5

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Ligand 1 (PDL1)

RPU43427-100ug 100ug
EUR 517

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Ligand 1 (PDL1)

RPU43427-1mg 1mg
EUR 2293.2

Recombinant Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Ligand 1 (PDL1)

RPU43427-50ug 50ug
EUR 415.8