Modular Approaches to Understand the Immunobiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Latency
Regardless of advances in slowing the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), there isn’t a viable treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The problem towards a treatment is principally the formation and upkeep of a latent reservoir of cells that harbor the virus in each replication-competent and replication-defective states.
This small area of interest of quiescent cells has been recognized to reside primarily in quiescent and reminiscence CD4+ T cells, however parameters that might reliably distinguish an contaminated T cell from an uninfected one, if any, are usually not clear. As well as, the migratory properties and particular anatomical reservoirs of latent T cells are tough to measure at a excessive decision in people. A useful treatment of HIV would require focusing on this inhabitants utilizing modern new scientific methods.
One constraint towards the empirical improvement of such approaches is the absence of a local small animal mannequin for AIDS. Since HIV doesn’t effectively infect murine cells, probing molecular-genetic questions involving latently contaminated T cells homing to deep tissue websites, interacting with stroma and persisting by way of completely different therapy regimens, is difficult.
The objective of this text is to debate how inspecting the dynamics of T cells in mouse fashions can present a framework for successfully learning these questions, even with out infecting mice with HIV. The inflammatory and cytokine milieu present in early human HIV infections are being more and more understood on account of scientific measurements.
Mouse research that recreate this milieu can doubtlessly be used to subsequently map the destiny of T cells activated on this context in addition to their migratory routes. In essence, such a framework may permit complementary research in mice to reinforce our understanding of facets of the biology of HIV latency. This may be the idea of a modular method to small animal HIV modeling, amenable to preclinical healing technique improvement.
Widespread Denominators within the Immunobiology of IgG4 Autoimmune Illnesses: What Do Glomerulonephritis, Pemphigus Vulgaris, Myasthenia Gravis, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Autoimmune Encephalitis Have in Widespread?
IgG4 autoimmune illnesses (IgG4-AID) are an rising group of autoimmune illnesses which might be attributable to pathogenic autoantibodies of the IgG4 subclass. It has solely not too long ago been appreciated, that members of this group share related immunobiological and therapeutic facets despite the fact that completely different antigens, tissues and organs are affected: glomerulonephritis (kidney), pemphigus vulgaris (pores and skin), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (hematologic system) muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) in myasthenia gravis (peripheral nervous system) and autoimmune encephalitis (central nervous system) to provide some examples.
In all these illnesses, sufferers’ IgG4 subclass autoantibodies block protein-protein interactions as a substitute of inflicting complement mediated tissue harm, sufferers reply favorably to rituximab and share a genetic predisposition: a minimum of 5 HLA class II genes have been reported in particular person research to be related to a number of completely different IgG4-AID.
This means a task for the HLA class II area and particularly the DRβ1 chain for aberrant priming of autoreactive T-cells towards a continual immune response skewed towards the manufacturing of IgG4 subclass autoantibodies.
The intention of this assessment is to offer an replace on findings arguing for a standard pathogenic mechanism in IgG4-AID in normal and to offer hypotheses concerning the position of distinct HLA haplotypes, T-cells and cytokines in IgG4-AID.
Immunobiology and Software of Aloe Vera-Primarily based Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering
Aloe vera (AV), a succulent plant belonging to the Liliaceae household, has been broadly used for biomedical and pharmaceutical software. Its reputation stems from a number of of its bioactive elements which have anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and even immunomodulatory results.
Given such distinctive multi-modal organic influence, AV has been thought-about as a biomaterial for regenerative medication and tissue engineering functions, the place tissue restore and neo-angiogenesis are very important.
This assessment outlines the rising scientific proof that demonstrates the benefit of AV as tissue engineering scaffolds. We significantly spotlight the latest advances within the software of AV-based scaffolds.
From a tissue engineering perspective, it’s pivotal that the implanted scaffolds strike an acceptable international physique response to be well-accepted within the physique with out problems. Herein, we spotlight the important thing mobile processes that regulate the international physique response to implanted scaffolds and underline the immunomodulatory results incurred by AV on the innate and adaptive system.
Provided that AV has a number of helpful elements, we talk about the significance of delving deeper into uncovering its motion mechanism and thereby enhancing materials design methods for higher tissue engineering constructs for biomedical functions.
Immunobiology of Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Implications for Immunotherapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are a bunch of uncommon thoracic malignancies, together with thymic carcinomas (TC) and thymomas (Tm). Autoimmune paraneoplastic illnesses are sometimes noticed in TETs, particularly Tms.
- Thus far, chemotherapy continues to be the usual therapy for superior illness. Sadly, few therapeutic choices can be found for relapsed/refractory TETs.
- In the previous couple of years, the deepening of data on thymus’ immunobiology and concerned altered genetic pathways have laid the muse for brand spanking new therapy choices in these uncommon neoplasms.
- Just lately, the immunotherapy revolution has landed in TETs, displaying each a darkish and lightweight facet. Certainly, regardless of the survival profit, the prevalence of extreme autoimmune treatment-related hostile occasions has risen crescent uncertainty concerning the feasibility of immunotherapy in these sufferers, susceptible to autoimmunity for his or her most cancers biology.
- On this assessment, after summarizing immunobiology and immunopathology of TETs, we talk about out there information on immune-checkpoint inhibitors and future views of this therapeutic technique.
 His-Tag Protein ELISA Kit |
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| AKR-130 | Cell Biolabs | 96 wells | EUR 601 |
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Description: Our His-Tag Protein ELISA Kit allows you to detect and quantify His-tagged protein samples simply and reliably by comparing your unknown samples to a known recombinant standard. Sensitivity range of the kit is 4 µg/mL to 1 ng/mL, or 950 nM to 50 pM of 6xHis-tag residues. |
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 Custom Antibody titration by ELISA up to 2 rabbits and 1 bleed |
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| ELISA-1 | Alpha Diagnostics | 1 | EUR 202 |
 anti- 6*His, His-Tag antibody |
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| FNab00008 | FN Test | 100µg | EUR 505.25 |
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Description: Antibody raised against 6*His, His-Tag |
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anti- 6*His, His-Tag antibody |
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| FNab00009 | FN Test | 100µg | EUR 505.25 |
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Description: Antibody raised against 6*His, His-Tag |
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 anti- 6*his,His tag antibody |
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| FNab00010 | FN Test | 100µg | EUR 505.25 |
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Description: Antibody raised against 6*his,His tag |
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 6X His tag monoclonal antibody |
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| FNSA-0019 | FN Test | 500 uL | EUR 341.4 |
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Description: 6X His tag monoclonal antibody secondary antibody |
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 ELISA Test Kit) Tetrodotoxin (TTX) ELISA Test Kit |
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| DEIANJ48 | Creative Diagnostics | 96T | EUR 1625 |
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Description: This test kit is for the quantitative detection of Tetrodotoxin in the tissue, liver, fish. |
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 Cas9 Protein and T7 gRNA SmartNuclease Synthesis Kit |
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| CAS400A-KIT | SBI | 1 kit (10 rxn) | EUR 1110 |
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 (His tag)) PDHE2 protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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| 80-1378 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 565 |
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Description: PDHE2 protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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 (His tag)) SLA protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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| 80-1380 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 597 |
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Description: Purified recombinant SLA protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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 (His tag)) TROVE2 protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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| 80-1383 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 619 |
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Description: Purified recombinant TROVE2 (Ro60) protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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 CA72-4 ELISA test |
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| 24 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of CA72-4 |
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 ELISA test) FERR ( Ferritin) ELISA test |
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| 7 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of FERR ( Ferritin) |
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 ELISA test) TSH (Thyrotrophin) ELISA test |
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| 14 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of TSH (Thyrotrophin) |
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 ELISA test) T3 (Triiodothyronine) ELISA test |
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| 15 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of T3 (Triiodothyronine) |
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 ELISA test) T4 (Thyroxine) ELISA test |
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| 16 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of T4 (Thyroxine) |
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 ELISA test) TESTO (Testosterone) ELISA test |
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| 19 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of O (osterone) |
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 ELISA test) PROG (Progesterone) ELISA test |
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| 20 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of PROG (Progesterone) |
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 ELISA test) E2 (Estradiol) ELISA test |
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| 5 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of E2 (Estradiol) |
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 ELISA test) PRL (Prolactin) ELISA test |
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| 4 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of PRL (Prolactin) |
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 PreS2-Ag ELISA test |
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| 96 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of PreS2-Ag |
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 HBcAb Sandwich ELISA test |
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| 95 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of HBcAb Sandwich |
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 Melamine Rapid Test Kit |
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| abx092011-50tests | Abbexa | 50 tests | EUR 370 |
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 NDV rapid test kit |
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| RG15-03 | Bionote | 1 box | EUR 139.05 |
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Description: Please check the datasheet of NDV rapid test kit before using the test. |
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 Accu-Tell COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test |
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| GEN-B352-20tests | Accu test | 20 tests | EUR 236 |
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Description: A rapid test for detection of antibodies (IgG and IgM) for 2019-nCoV, the novel Coronavirus from the Wuhan strain. The test is easy to perform, takes 10 minutes to provide reliable results and is higly specific to the 2019-nCoV Coronavirus. |
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Accu-Tell COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test |
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| GEN-B352-40tests | Accu test | 40 tests | EUR 321 |
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Description: A rapid test for detection of antibodies (IgG and IgM) for 2019-nCoV, the novel Coronavirus from the Wuhan strain. The test is easy to perform, takes 10 minutes to provide reliable results and is higly specific to the 2019-nCoV Coronavirus. |
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 Frit Kit |
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| FRIT-KIT | Next Advance | 1each | EUR 124 |
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Description: Kit to create frits in capillaries. Includes formamide, Kasil-1, Kasil-1624 and a cleaving tool. |
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 His-tag Purification Kit |
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| abx299036-4U | Abbexa | 4 U | EUR 356 |
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 DYKDDDDK-Tag Protein ELISA Kit |
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| E4700-100 | Biovision | EUR 436 | |
 Column Packing Kit |
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| PACK-KIT | Next Advance | 1pack | EUR 1035 |
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Description: Column packing kit for pressure cells. Includes: HPREG regulator, TBNG10 tubing, CAP-75 capillary, and STRB5X2 stir bar. |
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) PGPEP1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2903 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PGPEP1 protein (His tag) |
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) PARD6B protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2904 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PARD6B protein (His tag) |
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) CHMP1A protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2905 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CHMP1A protein (His tag) |
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) TNFRSF17 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2906 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human TNFRSF17 protein (His tag) |
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) POLR2E protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2907 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human POLR2E protein (His tag) |
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) RWDD1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2908 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 424 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human RWDD1 protein (His tag) |
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) EPCAM protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2909 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 349 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human EPCAM protein (His tag) |
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) NTS protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2910 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human NTS protein (His tag) |
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) UXT protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2911 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human UXT protein (His tag) |
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) SMUG1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2912 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human SMUG1 protein (His tag) |
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) GLTP protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2913 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human GLTP protein (His tag) |
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) RP9 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2914 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 349 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human RP9 protein (His tag) |
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) TYW5 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2915 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human TYW5 protein (His tag) |
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) HEBP1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2916 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 424 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human HEBP1 protein (His tag) |
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) CD3E protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2917 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CD3E protein (His tag) |
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) BCL7A protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2918 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human BCL7A protein (His tag) |
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) MED20 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2919 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human MED20 protein (His tag) |
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) UFSP1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2920 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 424 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human UFSP1 protein (His tag) |
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) BCL2L10 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2921 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human BCL2L10 protein (His tag) |
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) CALML3 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2922 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CALML3 protein (His tag) |
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) AMELX protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2923 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human AMELX protein (His tag) |
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) MPST protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2924 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human MPST protein (His tag) |
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) VBP1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2925 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human VBP1 protein (His tag) |
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) GFER protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2926 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human GFER protein (His tag) |
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) RLN2 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2927 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human RLN2 protein (His tag) |
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) ESM1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2928 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human ESM1 protein (His tag) |
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) LSM12 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2929 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human LSM12 protein (His tag) |
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) AMN protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2930 | Fitzgerald | 10 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human AMN protein (His tag) |
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) COX5A protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2931 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human COX5A protein (His tag) |
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) CDK2AP2 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2932 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CDK2AP2 protein (His tag) |
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) HFE protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2933 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 349 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human HFE protein (His tag) |
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) BTF3 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2934 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human BTF3 protein (His tag) |
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) RSG1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2935 | Fitzgerald | 10 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human RSG1 protein (His tag) |
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) CD247 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2936 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CD247 protein (His tag) |
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) IFNA7 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2937 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human IFNA7 protein (His tag) |
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) JAM2 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2938 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human JAM2 protein (His tag) |
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) HAVCR2 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2939 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 349 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human HAVCR2 protein (His tag) |
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) XRCC3 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2940 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human XRCC3 protein (His tag) |
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) CFD protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2941 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CFD protein (His tag) |
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) CD2 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2942 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CD2 protein (His tag) |
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) TAC1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2943 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human TAC1 protein (His tag) |
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) FDCSP protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2944 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human FDCSP protein (His tag) |
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) NOP16 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2945 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human NOP16 protein (His tag) |
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) SLAMF1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2947 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human SLAMF1 protein (His tag) |
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) FN3K protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2948 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human FN3K protein (His tag) |
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) ARSG protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2949 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human ARSG protein (His tag) |
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) KLRG1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2950 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human KLRG1 protein (His tag) |
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) FRZB protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2952 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human FRZB protein (His tag) |
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) IMPAD1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2953 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human IMPAD1 protein (His tag) |
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) FASLG protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2954 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human FASLG protein (His tag) |
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) STK17B protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2955 | Fitzgerald | 20 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human STK17B protein (His tag) |
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) FN3KRP protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2956 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human FN3KRP protein (His tag) |
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) KCTD15 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2957 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human KCTD15 protein (His tag) |
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) MYD88 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2958 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human MYD88 protein (His tag) |
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) AICDA protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2959 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human AICDA protein (His tag) |
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) TBPL1 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2960 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human TBPL1 protein (His tag) |
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) POLR3F protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2961 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human POLR3F protein (His tag) |
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) INHA protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2962 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human INHA protein (His tag) |
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) LCAT protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2963 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 322 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human LCAT protein (His tag) |
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) RPN2 protein (His tag) |
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| 30R-2964 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 424 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human RPN2 protein (His tag) |
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