Modular Approaches to Understand the Immunobiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Latency
Regardless of advances in slowing the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), there isn’t a viable treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The problem towards a treatment is principally the formation and upkeep of a latent reservoir of cells that harbor the virus in each replication-competent and replication-defective states.
This small area of interest of quiescent cells has been recognized to reside primarily in quiescent and reminiscence CD4+ T cells, however parameters that might reliably distinguish an contaminated T cell from an uninfected one, if any, are usually not clear. As well as, the migratory properties and particular anatomical reservoirs of latent T cells are tough to measure at a excessive decision in people. A useful treatment of HIV would require focusing on this inhabitants utilizing modern new scientific methods.
One constraint towards the empirical improvement of such approaches is the absence of a local small animal mannequin for AIDS. Since HIV doesn’t effectively infect murine cells, probing molecular-genetic questions involving latently contaminated T cells homing to deep tissue websites, interacting with stroma and persisting by way of completely different therapy regimens, is difficult.
The objective of this text is to debate how inspecting the dynamics of T cells in mouse fashions can present a framework for successfully learning these questions, even with out infecting mice with HIV. The inflammatory and cytokine milieu present in early human HIV infections are being more and more understood on account of scientific measurements.
Mouse research that recreate this milieu can doubtlessly be used to subsequently map the destiny of T cells activated on this context in addition to their migratory routes. In essence, such a framework may permit complementary research in mice to reinforce our understanding of facets of the biology of HIV latency. This may be the idea of a modular method to small animal HIV modeling, amenable to preclinical healing technique improvement.
Widespread Denominators within the Immunobiology of IgG4 Autoimmune Illnesses: What Do Glomerulonephritis, Pemphigus Vulgaris, Myasthenia Gravis, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Autoimmune Encephalitis Have in Widespread?
IgG4 autoimmune illnesses (IgG4-AID) are an rising group of autoimmune illnesses which might be attributable to pathogenic autoantibodies of the IgG4 subclass. It has solely not too long ago been appreciated, that members of this group share related immunobiological and therapeutic facets despite the fact that completely different antigens, tissues and organs are affected: glomerulonephritis (kidney), pemphigus vulgaris (pores and skin), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (hematologic system) muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) in myasthenia gravis (peripheral nervous system) and autoimmune encephalitis (central nervous system) to provide some examples.
In all these illnesses, sufferers’ IgG4 subclass autoantibodies block protein-protein interactions as a substitute of inflicting complement mediated tissue harm, sufferers reply favorably to rituximab and share a genetic predisposition: a minimum of 5 HLA class II genes have been reported in particular person research to be related to a number of completely different IgG4-AID.
This means a task for the HLA class II area and particularly the DRβ1 chain for aberrant priming of autoreactive T-cells towards a continual immune response skewed towards the manufacturing of IgG4 subclass autoantibodies.
The intention of this assessment is to offer an replace on findings arguing for a standard pathogenic mechanism in IgG4-AID in normal and to offer hypotheses concerning the position of distinct HLA haplotypes, T-cells and cytokines in IgG4-AID.
Immunobiology and Software of Aloe Vera-Primarily based Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering
Aloe vera (AV), a succulent plant belonging to the Liliaceae household, has been broadly used for biomedical and pharmaceutical software. Its reputation stems from a number of of its bioactive elements which have anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and even immunomodulatory results.
Given such distinctive multi-modal organic influence, AV has been thought-about as a biomaterial for regenerative medication and tissue engineering functions, the place tissue restore and neo-angiogenesis are very important.
This assessment outlines the rising scientific proof that demonstrates the benefit of AV as tissue engineering scaffolds. We significantly spotlight the latest advances within the software of AV-based scaffolds.
From a tissue engineering perspective, it’s pivotal that the implanted scaffolds strike an acceptable international physique response to be well-accepted within the physique with out problems. Herein, we spotlight the important thing mobile processes that regulate the international physique response to implanted scaffolds and underline the immunomodulatory results incurred by AV on the innate and adaptive system.
Provided that AV has a number of helpful elements, we talk about the significance of delving deeper into uncovering its motion mechanism and thereby enhancing materials design methods for higher tissue engineering constructs for biomedical functions.
Immunobiology of Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Implications for Immunotherapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are a bunch of uncommon thoracic malignancies, together with thymic carcinomas (TC) and thymomas (Tm). Autoimmune paraneoplastic illnesses are sometimes noticed in TETs, particularly Tms.
- Thus far, chemotherapy continues to be the usual therapy for superior illness. Sadly, few therapeutic choices can be found for relapsed/refractory TETs.
- In the previous couple of years, the deepening of data on thymus’ immunobiology and concerned altered genetic pathways have laid the muse for brand spanking new therapy choices in these uncommon neoplasms.
- Just lately, the immunotherapy revolution has landed in TETs, displaying each a darkish and lightweight facet. Certainly, regardless of the survival profit, the prevalence of extreme autoimmune treatment-related hostile occasions has risen crescent uncertainty concerning the feasibility of immunotherapy in these sufferers, susceptible to autoimmunity for his or her most cancers biology.
- On this assessment, after summarizing immunobiology and immunopathology of TETs, we talk about out there information on immune-checkpoint inhibitors and future views of this therapeutic technique.
 anti- 6*His, His-Tag antibody |
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| FNab00009 | FN Test | 100µg | EUR 505.25 |
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Description: Antibody raised against 6*His, His-Tag |
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 anti- 6*his,His tag antibody |
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| FNab00010 | FN Test | 100µg | EUR 505.25 |
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Description: Antibody raised against 6*his,His tag |
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 6X His tag monoclonal antibody |
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| FNSA-0019 | FN Test | 500 uL | EUR 341.4 |
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Description: 6X His tag monoclonal antibody secondary antibody |
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 ELISA Test Kit) Tetrodotoxin (TTX) ELISA Test Kit |
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| DEIANJ48 | Creative Diagnostics | 96T | EUR 1625 |
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Description: This test kit is for the quantitative detection of Tetrodotoxin in the tissue, liver, fish. |
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 Cas9 Protein and T7 gRNA SmartNuclease Synthesis Kit |
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| CAS400A-KIT | SBI | 1 kit (10 rxn) | EUR 1110 |
 (His tag)) PDHE2 protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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| 80-1378 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 565 |
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Description: PDHE2 protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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 (His tag)) SLA protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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| 80-1380 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 597 |
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Description: Purified recombinant SLA protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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 (His tag)) TROVE2 protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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| 80-1383 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 619 |
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Description: Purified recombinant TROVE2 (Ro60) protein (GST tag) (His tag) |
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 ELISA test) TSH (Thyrotrophin) ELISA test |
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| 14 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of TSH (Thyrotrophin) |
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 ELISA test) T3 (Triiodothyronine) ELISA test |
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| 15 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of T3 (Triiodothyronine) |
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 ELISA test) T4 (Thyroxine) ELISA test |
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| 16 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of T4 (Thyroxine) |
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 ELISA test) TESTO (Testosterone) ELISA test |
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| 19 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of O (osterone) |
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 CA72-4 ELISA test |
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| 24 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of CA72-4 |
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 ELISA test) PRL (Prolactin) ELISA test |
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| 4 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of PRL (Prolactin) |
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 ELISA test) E2 (Estradiol) ELISA test |
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| 5 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of E2 (Estradiol) |
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 ELISA test) FERR ( Ferritin) ELISA test |
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| 7 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of FERR ( Ferritin) |
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 HBcAb Sandwich ELISA test |
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| 95 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of HBcAb Sandwich |
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 PreS2-Ag ELISA test |
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| 96 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of PreS2-Ag |
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 NDV rapid test kit |
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| RG15-03 | Bionote | 1 box | EUR 139.05 |
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Description: Please check the datasheet of NDV rapid test kit before using the test. |
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 Melamine Rapid Test Kit |
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| abx092011-50tests | Abbexa | 50 tests | EUR 370 |
 Accu-Tell COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test |
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| GEN-B352-20tests | Accu test | 20 tests | EUR 236 |
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Description: A rapid test for detection of antibodies (IgG and IgM) for 2019-nCoV, the novel Coronavirus from the Wuhan strain. The test is easy to perform, takes 10 minutes to provide reliable results and is higly specific to the 2019-nCoV Coronavirus. |
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Accu-Tell COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test |
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| GEN-B352-40tests | Accu test | 40 tests | EUR 321 |
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Description: A rapid test for detection of antibodies (IgG and IgM) for 2019-nCoV, the novel Coronavirus from the Wuhan strain. The test is easy to perform, takes 10 minutes to provide reliable results and is higly specific to the 2019-nCoV Coronavirus. |
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 Frit Kit |
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| FRIT-KIT | Next Advance | 1each | EUR 124 |
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Description: Kit to create frits in capillaries. Includes formamide, Kasil-1, Kasil-1624 and a cleaving tool. |
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 His-tag Purification Kit |
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| abx299036-4U | Abbexa | 4 U | EUR 356 |
 DYKDDDDK-Tag Protein ELISA Kit |
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| E4700-100 | Biovision | EUR 436 | |
 Column Packing Kit |
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| PACK-KIT | Next Advance | 1pack | EUR 1035 |
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Description: Column packing kit for pressure cells. Includes: HPREG regulator, TBNG10 tubing, CAP-75 capillary, and STRB5X2 stir bar. |
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 Myostatin, His-Tag Protein |
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| 20-abx262128 | Abbexa |
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) EBNA1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1340 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 241 |
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Description: Purified recombinant EBNA1 protein (His tag) |
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) ompP2 protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1349 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 241 |
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Description: Purified recombinant ompP2 protein (His tag) |
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) GARS protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1374 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 565 |
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Description: Purified recombinant GARS/GlyRS protein (His tag) |
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) JO1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1375 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 565 |
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Description: Purified recombinant JO1 protein (His tag) |
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) IARS protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1377 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 2120 |
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Description: Purified recombinant IARS (OJ) protein (His tag) |
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) tTG protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1379 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 586 |
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Description: Purified recombinant tTG protein (His tag) |
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) PSIP1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1381 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 1753 |
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Description: Purified recombinant PSIP1 (DSF70) protein (His tag) |
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) TPO protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1382 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 1277 |
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Description: Purified recombinant TPO protein (His tag) |
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) TRIM21 protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1385 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 565 |
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Description: Purified recombinant TRIM21 (Ro52) protein (His tag) |
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) TG3 protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1386 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 1321 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Transglutaminase 3 (TG3) protein (His tag) |
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) SP100 protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1387 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 565 |
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Description: Purified recombinant SP100 protein (His tag) |
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) PHGDH protein (His tag) |
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| 80-1603 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 1482 |
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Description: Purified recombinant PHGDH protein (His tag) |
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) HSP90 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1003 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human HSP90 protein |
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) CEBPalpha protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1005 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 224 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CEBPalpha protein |
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) MIF protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1007 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 224 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human MIF protein |
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) TPD52L1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1009 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human TPD52L1 protein |
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) HSP70 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1011 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 300 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human HSP70 protein |
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) SNAP25 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1012 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 224 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human SNAP25 protein |
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) BHMT protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1013 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 224 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human BHMT protein |
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) DMGO protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1014 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 224 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Arthrobacter globiformis DMGO protein |
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) PARK7 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1015 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PARK7 protein |
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) Geminin protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1016 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human Geminin protein |
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) IRF1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1026 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human IRF1 protein |
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) Vaspin protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1027 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 586 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human Vaspin protein |
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) Visfatin protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1028 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Mouse Visfatin protein |
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) PAI1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1029 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 349 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PAI1 protein |
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) FABP1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1030 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human FABP1 protein |
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) IRF2 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1032 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human IRF2 protein |
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) mAdiponectin protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1033 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 457 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Mouse mAdiponectin protein |
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) IL3 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1035 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human IL3 protein |
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) IL15 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1036 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human IL15 protein |
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) BLyS protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1037 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human BLyS protein |
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) RARalpha protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1038 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human RARalpha protein |
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) CIB1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1039 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CIB1 protein |
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) IPP1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1040 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human IPP1 protein |
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) HSP60 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1043 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human HSP60 protein |
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Visfatin protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1045 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human Visfatin protein |
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) IL16 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1046 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human IL16 protein |
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) CNTF protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1047 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CNTF protein |
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) PPID protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1048 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PPID protein |
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) Nucb2 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1051 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Mouse Nucb2 protein |
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) PPM1G protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1052 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 224 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PPM1G protein |
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) CSTB protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1053 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CSTB protein |
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) HSF1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1054 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human HSF1 protein |
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) Livin protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1056 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human Livin protein |
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) PPP1R14A protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1060 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PPP1R14A protein |
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) Streptavidin protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1063 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Streptomyces avidinii Streptavidin protein |
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) PDPN protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1065 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PDPN protein |
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) GADD153 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1068 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human GADD153 protein |
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) BNP protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1069 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 349 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human BNP protein |
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) LYVE1 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1071 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 586 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human LYVE1 protein |
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) SIRT6 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1073 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 586 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human SIRT6 protein |
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) MAT2A protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1074 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human MAT2A protein |
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) DHH protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1075 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human DHH protein |
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) PAK4 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1077 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PAK4 protein |
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) CRADD protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1078 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human CRADD protein |
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) AK2 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1079 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human AK2 protein |
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) PPIE protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1080 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PPIE protein |
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) VAMP8 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1081 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human VAMP8 protein |
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) VEGF121 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1082 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | EUR 397 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human VEGF121 protein |
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) GNMT protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1083 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 224 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human GNMT protein |
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) PPIF protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1084 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 224 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human PPIF protein |
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) MYL2 protein (His tag) |
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| 80R-1085 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 305 |
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Description: Purified recombinant Human MYL2 protein |
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